Tehran (also transcribed Teheran) (تهران in Persian), population 9,000,000 (metropolitan: 14,000,000), and a land tehran culture area of 254 square miles, the capital of Iran (Persia) and the center of Tehran Province. Tehran is located at 35°40′ N 51°25′ E. [1]

More than half of the country's industry is based there. Industries include the manufacturing of cars, electronics and electrical equipment, weaponry, textiles, sugar, cement, and chemical products. It is also a leading center for the allied conference american professors tehran damascus at tehran 1943 sale of carpets and furniture. There is an oil refinery nearby.

Tehran is a lively city at the foot of tehran map the Alborz mountain range with an immense network of highways unparalleled in western Asia. It is also the hub of the country's railway network. The city has numerous large museums, art centers, palace complexes and cultural centers. Besides Persians there are Azeri, Armenian, Jewish communities in Tehran. 98.3 percent of Tehran's residents speak Persian [2]. The city is dotted with mosques, churches and synagogues.

History

Excavations place the existence of settlements ineco tehran in Tehran as far back as 6000BC. Tehran was well known as a village in the 9th century, but was less well-known than the city of Rages which was flourishing nearby in the pre-Mongol era. In the 13th century, following the destruction girls tehran iran of Rages by Mongols, many of its inhabitants tehran iran climate fled to Tehran. In some sources of the Mongol era the city is mentioned as "Rages's Tehran" (طهرانِ ری). The city is later mentioned in Hamdollah Mostowfi's Nezhat ol-Gholoob (written birthday tradtions in tehran in 1340) as a famous village.

Tehran became a residence of the Safavid rulers in the 17th century. Tahmasp I built a bazaar and a wall around the city, but it somewhat fell out of favour after Abbas I turned sick when he was passing the city to go tehran irean motorcycle jumper dies to a war with the Uzbeks.

In the early 18th university of tehran century, Karim Khan Zand ordered a palace, a harem, and a government office to be built in tehran to tokyo Tehran, possibly tehran and vanak square to declare the city his capital, but later moved his government to Shiraz. Tehran finally became the capital of Persia in 1795, when the Qajar king Agha Mohammad Khan was crowned in the city. It remains the capital to this day.

During World War II, British and Soviet troops entered the city. Tehran was the site of the Teheran Conference in 1943, attended by US President tehran times Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin.

On September 8, 1978, demonstrations against the Shah led to riots. The army reportedly opened fire on the demonstrating mob. Martial law was installed in the wake of the ensuing revolution, from 1978-80.

During the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq War, Tehran was the scene of repeated Scud missile attacks and air strikes against random residential and industrial targets within the city, resulting in thousands of civilian casualties.

About Tehran

The Azadi Tower is the first thing visitors come across when coming from the Mehr-abad International pictures earthquake in tehran of tehran Airport. The tower has become an icon of sorts for Tehran and Iran.

Like many of the world's large cities, Tehran tehran offspring suffers from serious traffic congestion and pollution problems. Tehran has become so congested in the past 10 years, that the government has considered moving the nation's tehran university capital to another city to alleviate these problems and help de-centralize the economy and population. This is especially true in light of predictions of clickable map of tehran an imminent major earthquake in Tehran. Yet millions choose to live and work in Tehran despite these problems. The appealing side of Tehran, it seems, outweighs these concerns.

The Peacock Throne of the Persian Shahs can be found in Tehran's Golestan Palace. Some of the important museums are National Museum of Iran, Sa'dabad housing tehran Palaces Complex, Glassware and Ceramics Museum of Iran, The Carpet Museum of Iran, Tehran's Underglass painting Museum, and Niavaran Palace Complex. The Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art is also appealing to many because it features the works of great artists such as Van Gogh, Pablo Picasso and Andy Warhol.

The huge Tehran International Fair organises many expositions. Its book expositions are especially popular. Tehran is also the seat of Iran's Parliament (the Majles). And tehran pictures Tehran is also home to the iran tehran world's fourth tallest free standing tehran and brazil street structure, the Milad fdr tehran 1943 Tower.

The Tehran Stock Exchange which is a full member of the FIBV and a founding member of the Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges, is one of the world's best performing stock exchanges, in recent years.[3]

Neighborhoods and Districts of Tehran

The city of Tehran is divided into 22 municipal districts, each with its own administrative centers. Within these 22 districts, Tehran contains the following major neighborhoods :

Abbas Abad, Afsariyeh, Amir Abad, Bagh Feiz, tehran + climate Baharestan, Darakeh, Darband, Dardasht, Dar Abad, Dehkadeh Olampik, Ekhtiyariyeh, Elahiyeh, Evin, Gholhak, Gisha, Gomrok, Hasan Abad, Jamaran, Jannat Abad, Javadiyeh, Jomhuri, Jordanne, Narmak, Navvab, Nazi Abad, exhibitors tehran international industrial Niavaran, Park Shahr, Pasdaran, Punak, Ray, Sa'adat Abad, Sadeghiyeh, Shahrara, Shahreziba, Shahrak-e Gharb, Shemiran, Tehranpars, Vanak, Yaft Abad, Yusef Abad, etc.

For full list, see List of the localities around Tehran.

The older neighborhoods of Tehran

Tehran's old city fabric changed dramatically during the first Pahlavi era. Some of the older remaining districts of Tehran are: Udlajan, Sangelaj, Bazaar, Chaleh Meydan, Dowlat. Chaleh Meydan is the oldest neighborhood of the aforementioned.

Transportation

In 2001 a metro system distance between igdir and tehran that had been in planning since the 1970s opened the first two of seven envisaged lines. Development of the Tehran tehran activates metro system had been interrupted by the Islamic Revolution and the Iran-Iraq War. Problems arising from the late completion city map of tehran of the metro led to buses taking tehran international industry fair on the role of the metro lines, serving mainly long distance routes. Taxis filled the void for localised routes, iran tehran darband not carrying map of tehran passengers to their final destinations but operating along main routes and arteries. This has all led to extreme congestion and air pollution within the city.

Tehran is served by Mehrabad International Airport, the old airport located in the western part of the city, and Imam Khomeini International Airport, outside the city and to the south, which handles flights from the Persian Gulf.

Tehran also has a central train station with connecting services round the clock to various cities in the country. There are four bus terminals that also provide connections at low fares. These are the South, East, West, and Bei-haghi Park-Drive Terminals.

While the center of the city contains the government ministries and headquarters, the commercial centers are more located tehran photos toward Taleghani Ave. and Beheshti tehran airport Ave. further north. Although administratively separate, Rey, Shemiran, and Karaj are often considered part of the larger Tehran metropolitan area.

Tehran is also in the final stages of constructing a monorail tehran innercity transport line.

See also: List of Tehran metro stations

Colleges and universities

Ever since the establishment cheap airline ticket to tehran of Darolfonoon, Tehran has amassed an abundance of institutions of higher education. Some of these institutions have played crucial roles in the unfolding of Iranian political events. There are 45 major colleges and universities in total today in Tehran, listed below:

Tehran also contains Iran's largest military academy, and several religious schools and seminaries.

Sports

Tehran was the first city in the Middle East to host the tehran iran Asian Games. The 7th Asian Summer Games in 1974, was held with the participation of 2363 athletes and officials from 25 countries.

Tehran map tehran iran tehran city map is also the site of Iran's national football stadium Azadi Stadium with 100000 seating capacity. Many of the top matches of Iran's Premier League are held here.

Within 10 minutes tehran girls of driving distance from Tehran lies an excellent 40 foot sign in tehran ski resort. Tochal is the world's fifth highest ski resort at over 3730m at its highest 7th station. The resort was completed in 1976 solar observatory tehran iran shortly before the overthrow of the Shah.

Here, one must first ride the eight km (five mile) long gondola lift which covers a huge vertical. The 7th station has three tehran flights japan major slopes. The resort's longest slope is the south side U shaped slope which goes from the 7th station to 5th station. The other two slopes are located on the north side of the 7th station. Here, there are two parallel chair ski lifts that go up to 3900m near Tochal's peak (at 4000m), rising higher than the gondola 7th station station. This altitude is higher than any of the European resorts including Mont Blanc.

From the Tochal peak, one has a spectacular view of the Alborz range, including the 5671 metre (18606 ft) high Mt. Damavand, an extinct volcano.

At the bottom of the lifts in a valley behind the Tochal peak is Tochal hotel, located at 3500m altitude. From there a T lift takes skiers up the 3800 metres of Shahneshin tehran girl peak, where the third slope of Tochal is.

Tochal 7th station has skiing eight months of the year. But there are also many glaciers and year-round snow fields near Tehran where skiing began in 1938, thanks to the efforts of two German railway engineers. Today, 12 ski resorts operate in Iran, but the most famous are Tochal, Dizin, and Shemshak, all within an hour or so of Tehran.

Football

In football (soccer), Tehran is host to six football clubs in Iran's Premier Football League, namely:

These clubs have on numerous occasions won Asian titles, and many of their players are well known internationally.

Outdoor

• Tochal Ski resort
  
• Darband hiking trail
  
• Chitgar Park
  
• Mellat Park
  
• Laleh Park
  
• Jamshidieh Park
  
• Niavaran Park
  
• Sa'ei Park
  
• Shahr-e Bazi amusement park.
  
• Shatranj Park
  
• Darabad hiking trail
  
• Darakeh hiking trail
  
• Jahan-e Kudak Park
  
• Azadi Sports complex
  
• Enghelab Sports Complex and Golf course
  
• Several caves, springs, and waterfalls outisde Tehran.
  
• Latyan Lake
  
• Lavizan Forest Park
  
• Vardavard Forest Park
  
• Khajeer National Park
  
• Kavir National Park
  
• Tar Lake
  
• Amir Kabir Lake
  
• Lar Protected Natural Habitat
  
• Varjeen Protected Natural Habitat

Culture

Tehran, as Iran's showcase and historical capital city, has a wealth of cultural attractions, some of which are listed below:

Palaces

• Golestan Palace and Takht-e Marmar. (website)
  
• Niavaran Palace Complex (website)
  
• Sa'd Abad Palace
  
• Saltanat Abad Palace
  
• Firouzeh Palace, (which belongs to Tehran's Zoroastrian community)
  
• Soleymaniyeh Palace
  
• Baharestan Palace, (where Iran's first parliament was located at)
  
• Morvarid Palace, Karaj, designed by The Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation. [4]

Museums

• Sa'd Abad Gallery of Fine Arts
  
• Glassware Museum of Tehran
  
• Iran's National Rug Gallery (website)
  
• Reza Abbasi Museum
  
• Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art (website)
  
• Tehran Theater of the Performing Arts (Te'atr e Shahr)
  
• Talar Vahdat Theater
  
• National Museum of Iran, (website)
  
• Darabad Museum of Natural History
  
• National Library of Iran

Religious centers

• Soltani Mosque, built by Fath Ali Shah
  
• Atiq Mosque, built in 1663.
  
• Mo'ezz o-dowleh mosque, built by Fath Ali Shah
  
• Haj Seyd Azizollah mosque, built by Fath Ali Shah
  
• Al-javad mosque, Iran's first modernist design mosque.
  
• The Old Sepahsalar mosque, another prominent Qajar era mosque.
  
• The new Sepahsalar mosque (Madreseh e Motahari)
  
• Filsuf o-dowleh Mosque, Qajar era
  
• Moshir ol-Saltaneh Mosque, Qajar era
  
• Mo'ayyer ol-Mamalik Mosque, Qajar era
  
• Shahr Banu Mausopleum
  
• Javan-mard Qassab Mausoleum, a pre-Islamic semi-mythical hero
  
• Dozens of Imam-zadeh shrines, hundreds of years old, including that of Imam Zadeh Saleh.
  
• Dozens of Saqa Khanehs: traditional places of prayer
  
• Several Tekyehs: traditional places for mourning Muharram ceremonies for Husayn ibn Ali.
  
• Ibn Babviyeh cemetery, where many Iranian giants such daram miram be tehran as Takhti and Ali Akbar Dehkhoda are buried.
  
• Zahir o-dowleh cemetery, where many Iranian giants tehran tehran people conference of art and culture such as Iraj Mirza, Mohammad Taghi Bahar, Forough Farrokhzad, Abolhasan Saba, Ruhollah Khaleghi, and Darvish-khan are buried.
  
• Kordan Tomb, Seljuqi era, Karaj.
  
• Maydanak Tomb, 13th century, Karaj
  
• The Polish cemetery north of Tehran, where numerous WW2 western allied soldiers are buried.

Churches

• Surep Georg Church, 1790
  
• Thaddeus Bartoqimus Church, 1808
  
• Tatavus Church, from the Qajar era
  
• Enjili Church, 1867
  
• Assyrian Church

Castles and Forts

• Arzhang Fort, Taleqan, 1149CE
  
• Iraj Fort, Varamin
  
• Gol e Khandan Fort, Rudehen, Sassanid era
  
• Rashkan Fort, Ray, Parthian era
  
• Tabbarok Fort, Abbasid era
  
• Sorkheh-Hesar Fort, Seljuqi era.
  
• Kei-Ghobad Fort, Taleqan, Ismaili era
  
• Gabri Fort, Parthian era, Ray.
  
• Several other forts and castle ruins, such as Ghal'eh Dokhtar Tang Goseel, near Karaj. Like all the other forts of this area, these have been ruined by earthquakes. Seljuqi era.
  
• Harun Prison. Sassanid era. South of Tehran.
  
• Bagh e Melli foreign ministry compound.

Traditional Houses

Dozens of houses of antiquity with splendid traditional architectural design remain standing in Tehran today. Most are from the Qajar era. Some of these are:

• Etehadiyeh House, Qajar era
  
• Amir Bahador House, Qajar era
  
• Emam Jomeh House, 1863CE
  
• Amin ol-Soltan House, Qajar era
  
• Shaghaghi (Kushak) House, Qajar era
  
• Emarat e Bagh e Ferdows, Qajar era
  
• Emarat Farmaniyeh, Qajar era
  
• Shahid Modarres House, Uladjan district.
  
• Vothuq House, 1837CE
  
• Moshir o-Dowleh Pir Nia House

However, there exist plenty of houses of historical heritage also open to the public, such as: House average temp. of tehran of Nima Yooshij, House of Mohammed history of tehran Mossadegh, House of Ayatollah Taleghani, House of Ghavam o-Dowleh, House of Imam Khomeini, and House of Mahmoud Hessaby.

Archeological sites

An abundance of ancient archeological historicl sites exists surgeons and tehran in and around Tehran. Some of the more prominent ones are:

• Cheshme Ali Teppe, 5th millennium BCE. Excavated by Jacques de Morgan.
  
• Shoghali Teppe, 6th millennium BCE.
  
• Qeytariyeh ancient Cemetery, 2nd millennium BCE.
  
• Teppe Meel, excavated by Jacques de Morgan, believed to be the temple of the legendary ancient leader Bahram Gur.
  
• Vavan Teppe, Sassanid era
  
• Ghareh Teppe, 6th millennium CE, excavated by the British Burton Brown.
  
• Ozbaki Teppe, Hashtgerd.

Others

• Iran National Library
  
• Borj-e Milad
  
• Darolfonoon institute of higher education
  
• Morvarid Canon, Afsharid dynasty era
  
• Shebeli Tower, Damavand, Samanid era
  
• Tughrul Tower, Seljuqi era
  
• Ala-o-dowleh Tower, Varamin, 1276CE
  
• Tehran's Grand Bazaar, 1523CE.
  
• Several Ab anbars (traditional water reservoirs) of antique age.
  
• Several Qanats of antiquity.
  
• Several Yakh-chals (traditional refrigerators) of antiquity.
  
• Several bridges of antiquity. Example: Pol e Rumi, located in Northern Tehran, from the Safavid era, today a property of the Embassy of Turkey.
  
• Several Caravanserais of antiquity.
  
• Several fire temples of antiquity
  
• Alborz High School
  
• Firouz Bahram High School

More information

• Farsinet's information on the history of Tehran
  
• Tehran Metro
  
• WikiTravel - Travel guide to Tehran (English)
  
• About Tehran
  
• Tehran Avenue (English)
  
• Peykan Football Club Official website
  
• Persian Football League
  
• Real Audio clip of the documentary: "Ancient Tehran: 8,000 years"
  
• Satellite picture by Google Maps